Paper 1 · Research Aptitude
A correlation coefficient is best characterized as
AA measure of the extent of the relationship between two variables ✓ Correct
BAn index of the causal direction between an independent and a dependent variable
CAn indication that an experimental finding will be replicated by others
DA measure of the likelihood that observed differences are due to chance
Correct answer: (A) A measure of the extent of the relationship between two variables — A correlation coefficient is best characterized as a measure of the extent of the relationship between two variables, so that is the answer.
Explanation
★A correlation coefficient is best characterized as a measure of the extent of the relationship between two variables, so that is the answer.
★A correlation coefficient is a single number showing how strongly two variables move together.
★So it measures the extent, and also the direction, of their relationship.
★It does not show the causal direction, since correlation cannot prove which variable causes the other.
★It does not indicate the likelihood of replication, which is a separate matter.
★It is not a test of whether differences are due to chance, so it measures the extent of the relationship between two variables.
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