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According to the passage, what made the Malthusian views on population look inevitable?

Paper 1 · Comprehension UGC NET December 2021 June 2022 (11.10.2022) Shift-II
Passage
The war on poverty earlier was intertwined with the population problem. Statements and positions regarding population began to proliferate. In many instances a crude form of empiricism was followed. It made Malthusian views and prescriptions inevitable. This is despite the experts making serious attempts to conceptualise the effect of demographic factors on development; models and theories were formulated seeking to relate various variables and to provide a basis for policy and programme formulation. As the experience of the West suggested, it was hoped that population growth rates would begin to fall as the countries developed. But as many warned, countries could not wait for this process to occur; they should speed up the reduction of population. Concern with population has existed for several decades, especially in relation to Asia. It was a central topic in discussions on race and racism, but the scale and form the discussion took were new. The discussions held in academic circles or in the ambit of the nascent international organisations also had a new tone. They focused on topics such as the relationship between economic growth and population control. They also discussed the demographic experience of rich countries and its possible impact on poor nations. Now the need is a new view of population, with new scientific and technological instruments to manage it.
According to the passage, what made the Malthusian views on population look inevitable?
AWar on poverty
BProliferation of statements on population
CUnrefined empiricism ✓ Correct
DJustification on unrelated grounds
Correct answer: (C) Unrefined empiricism — The answer is unrefined empiricism.
Explanation
The answer is unrefined empiricism.
The passage says a crude form of empiricism was followed in many instances.
This crude approach made Malthusian views and prescriptions look inevitable.
So it is unrefined empiricism that produced this effect.
The other options are not given as the cause.
The crude handling of evidence pushed thinking towards Malthus.
So the answer is unrefined empiricism.

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