According to the transmission model of communication, communication is a/an

According to the transmission model of communication, communication is an instrumental act.

It treats communication as a linear process of sending a message from a source through a channel to a receiver to achieve an effect.

The stress falls on carrying information efficiently and getting the message across, a means to a practical end.

An intra-personal process describes communication within a single mind, which is not what the transmission model portrays.

Calling it a language act narrows it to spoken or written symbols, missing the model's focus on directed transfer.

A ritualistic process belongs to the rival ritual view, which sees communication as shared performance rather than instrumental delivery.