Political Science · Public Administration
UGC NET June 2015 Political Science
Arrange the following phases in the evolution of public administration as a discipline in chronological order using the codes given below:
- 1. Ecological approach
- 2. Principles approach
- 3. Politics-Administration dichotomy
- 4. Public Policy approach
A3, 1, 4, 2
B3, 2, 4, 1
C2, 3, 1, 4
D3, 2, 1, 4 ✓ Correct
Correct answer: (D) 3, 2, 1, 4 — The correct chronological order is 3, 2, 1, 4, so the answer is option D.
Explanation
★The correct chronological order is 3, 2, 1, 4, so the answer is option D.
★The politics-administration dichotomy came first, from 1887 to 1926, separating policy from its execution.
★The principles approach followed in 1927-1937, seeking universal scientific principles of administration.
★The ecological approach, associated with Fred Riggs around the 1950s-1960s, studied administration within its social environment.
★The public policy approach emerged from 1971 onwards, focusing on policy formulation and implementation.
★So the sequence runs dichotomy, principles, ecological and public policy, giving 3, 2, 1, 4.
★Each phase reflects a shift in what scholars treated as the central concern of the discipline.
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