Political Science · Political Theory
Consider the following statements regarding Marx's theory of materialism and choose the correct ones.
- 1. Materialism explains the structure of society through the means of production.
- 2. Society is divided into base and superstructure.
- 3. The base consists of the economic conditions of life, the means and relations of production.
- 4. The superstructure consists of the legal, political, religious and aesthetic forms of life.
A1 and 2 only
B3 and 4 only
C1, 2 and 3 only
D1, 2, 3 and 4 ✓ Correct
Correct answer: (D) 1, 2, 3 and 4 — All four statements correctly describe historical materialism, so the answer is 1, 2, 3 and 4.
Explanation
★All four statements correctly describe historical materialism, so the answer is 1, 2, 3 and 4.
★Materialism explains social structure through the material means of production, making statement 1 correct.
★Marx divides society into an economic base and a superstructure built upon it, making statement 2 correct.
★The base is the economic foundation: the means and relations of production, making statement 3 correct.
★The superstructure is the legal, political, religious and cultural realm shaped by the base, making statement 4 correct.
★The base ultimately conditions the superstructure, though the two interact.
★This base and superstructure model is the core of Marx's materialist conception of history.
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