History · Historical Method and Historiography
UGC NET June 2014 History
Consider the following statements. Which of the above statements are not correct? Select the correct answer from the codes given below.
- 1. W.C. Smith was among the first to speak of peasant revolts against the Mughal Empire.
- 2. He also argued that by its encouragement of commerce, the Mughal empire brought about a considerable growth of the middle class.
- 3. C.A. Bayly developed the great firm theory to explain the decline of the Mughal Empire.
- 4. J.F. Richards has argued that peasant resistance led to a serious agrarian crisis.
A1 and 2
B2 and 3
C3 and 4 ✓ Correct
D4 and 1
Correct answer: (C) 3 and 4 — Statements 3 and 4 are not correct, so the answer is 3 and 4.
Explanation
★Statements 3 and 4 are not correct, so the answer is 3 and 4.
★It is wrong to credit C.A. Bayly with the great firm theory of Mughal decline.
★That theory is associated with Karen Leonard, not Bayly.
★It is also wrong to ascribe the agrarian crisis argument to J.F. Richards.
★That argument is linked more with the work of Irfan Habib.
★W.C. Smith did write on peasant revolts and the growth of a middle class.
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