Electrostatic precipitators are used to control

Electrostatic precipitators control air pollution by trapping fine particulate matter.

They are not devices for treating water pollution in effluents.

They do not address soil pollution, which needs remediation of contaminated land.

They do nothing for noise pollution, which is controlled by sound barriers and dampening.

Charged plates attract dust particles from flue gas, which then collect and are removed.

Thermal power plants and cement units use them to cut smokestack particulate emissions.