Political Science · Indian Political Thought
UGC NET October 2020 Political Science
Gandhi described himself as a:
ALiberal
BSocialist
CSocial Democrat
DPhilosophical Anarchist ✓ Correct
Correct answer: (D) Philosophical Anarchist — Gandhi described himself as a philosophical anarchist, so that is the answer.
Explanation
★Gandhi described himself as a philosophical anarchist, so that is the answer.
★He held that the best society is one without a powerful, coercive state or rigid social classes.
★In place of a strong government he wanted each person to govern themselves with self-restraint.
★He saw anarchy not as chaos but as a peaceful, cooperative order of self-ruling individuals.
★His ideal was an 'enlightened anarchy' where the state withers as people become self-regulating.
★This vision rested on individual empowerment, mutual respect and voluntary cooperation.
★It differs from liberalism, socialism and social democracy, which all retain a significant role for the state.
★Gandhi held that even a limited state relies on coercive force and so reflects human weakness.
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