Paper 1 · People, Development and Environment

Given below are two statements, an Assertion (A) and a Reason (R). Choose the correct answer.

Assertion (A):Eutrophication is basically the flow of nutrient material from land into water bodies; these materials run off from farms and cities into rivers, lakes and coastal waters through acid rains and airborne pollutants.

Reason (R):These nutrient sources are called non-point because they involve widely dispersed activities, are difficult to measure and regulate, and vary with the seasons and weather.

ABoth (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A) ✓ Correct

BBoth (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)

C(A) is true, but (R) is false

D(A) is false, but (R) is true

Correct answer: (A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

Explanation

Both statements are true and the reason correctly explains why the nutrient inflows in the assertion are labelled non-point.

The assertion is sound: eutrophication is the movement of nutrients from land into water, washing off farms and cities into rivers, lakes and coastal waters.

The reason is sound: these are called non-point sources because they arise from widely scattered activities that are hard to measure and control and shift with weather.

Because the runoff in the assertion comes from dispersed, unmeasurable origins, the non-point label the reason defines fits it exactly.

Point sources, by contrast, discharge from a single identifiable outfall such as a pipe.

Excess nutrients spur algal blooms that starve water of oxygen.

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