Political Science · Political Theory
UGC NET July 2016 Political Science
Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Select the correct answer from the codes given below:
Assertion (A): For Fukuyama, liberal democracy may constitute the end point of mankind's ideological evolution.
Reason (R): The earlier forms of government were characterized by grave defects and irrationalities that led to their eventual collapse.
ABoth A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A ✓ Correct
BBoth A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
CA is true, but R is false
DA is false, but R is true
Correct answer: (A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A — The assertion captures Francis Fukuyama's thesis in The End of History and the Last Man (1992) that liberal democracy may be the final point of mankind's ideological evolution.
Explanation
★The assertion captures Francis Fukuyama's thesis in The End of History and the Last Man (1992) that liberal democracy may be the final point of mankind's ideological evolution.
★Drawing on Hegel, Fukuyama argued that history moves towards an end state, and liberal democracy is where it settles.
★The reason is also true: earlier systems such as monarchy, fascism and communism carried deep defects and irrationalities that led to their collapse.
★Since liberal democracy outlasted those flawed rivals, the failure of the earlier forms explains why it stands as the end point, so the reason explains the assertion.
★Here the end of history means the end of ideological conflict, not the end of events.
★So both statements are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
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