Paper 1 · People, Development and Environment
UGC NET December 2021 June 2022 (13.10.2022) Shift-II
Hardness of water is caused by the presence of
ASolid particles in the water
BPathogens in the water
CToxic metals in the water
DCations in the water ✓ Correct
Correct answer: (D) Cations in the water — The answer is cations in the water.
Explanation
★The answer is cations in the water.
★Hard water contains dissolved calcium and magnesium.
★These are present as positively charged ions, or cations.
★Their salts make the water hard.
★So hardness is caused by these cations in the water.
★It is not due to solid particles, pathogens or toxic metals.
★So the answer is cations in the water.
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