Political Science · Comparative Political Analysis
UGC NET January 2025 Political Science
Passage
James Madison gave eloquent expression to the urgent need for popular information in a democracy. Sweden adopted the Freedom of the Press Act in 1766 and the United States passed the Freedom of Information Act in 1966. In France, freedom of information and the accountability of public servants are an integral part of constitutional rights. The freedom of information law in Japan came into effect in 2001. In Germany the federal government passed a freedom of information law in 2005, and six Bundeslander (provincial governments) also have their own laws on the subject. The Supreme Court of India, in the State of Uttar Pradesh vs. Raj Narain case, observed that the right to information is implied in the right to freedom of speech. In 2005 the Right to Information Act was passed in India to give citizens secure access to information held by public authorities, promoting transparency and accountability.
In Germany, Bundeslander is also known as
ACivil society
BProvincial governments ✓ Correct
CHigh Courts
DElection Commission
Correct answer: (B) Provincial governments — According to the passage, Bundeslander are the provincial governments of Germany, so that is the answer.
Explanation
★According to the passage, Bundeslander are the provincial governments of Germany, so that is the answer.
★The passage notes that six Bundeslander have their own freedom of information laws.
★Germany is a federal state made up of sixteen Bundeslander.
★Each has its own government, legislature and constitution.
★They enjoy significant autonomy in areas like education and policing.
★The terms civil society, high courts and election commission do not match the passage.
★So Bundeslander correctly means the provincial or federal state governments.
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