Political Science · Indian Political Thought
UGC NET December 2018 Political Science
In the two lists given below, List I provides Kautilya's organs of the State while List II indicates the organs of the human body. Match the two lists and choose the correct answer from the codes given below.
List I
- Amatya
- Suhrid
- Durga
- Kosh
List II
- Mouth
- Eyes
- Arms
- Ears
AI-b, II-d, III-c, IV-a
BI-b, II-d, III-c, IV-a ✓ Correct
CI-d, II-b, III-a, IV-c
DI-c, II-a, III-d, IV-b
Correct answer: (B) I-b, II-d, III-c, IV-a — The correct match is I-b, II-d, III-c, IV-a.
Explanation
★The correct match is I-b, II-d, III-c, IV-a.
★Kautilya likens the saptanga elements of the state to parts of the human body to show their distinct functions.
★Amatya (the minister) is equated with the eyes, since ministers oversee and supervise the affairs of the state.
★Suhrid, the friend or ally (Mitra), is equated with the ears, reflecting the role of alliances and intelligence gathered from outside.
★Durga (the fortified capital) is likened to the arms, denoting strength, defence and protection.
★Kosh (the treasury) is compared to the mouth, essential for the financial sustenance of the state.
★In the fuller scheme the Swami (ruler) is the head and the Danda (army) the mind, completing the body-state analogy.
★This organic image stresses the interdependence of all elements, a key idea for understanding Kautilya's saptanga theory.
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