Political Science · Public Administration
UGC NET June 2019 Political Science
Internal communications can be:
AUpward only
BDownward only
CUpward and downward only
DUpward, downward and across ✓ Correct
Correct answer: (D) Upward, downward and across — Internal communication can be upward, downward and across, so that is the answer.
Explanation
★Internal communication can be upward, downward and across, so that is the answer.
★Internal communication is the exchange of information among members of the same organisation.
★Downward communication carries orders, policies and instructions from superiors to subordinates.
★Upward communication carries reports, suggestions and grievances from subordinates to superiors.
★Horizontal or across communication links people at the same level for coordination.
★A healthy organisation needs all three directions to work together.
★Hence internal communication flows upward, downward and across.
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