Political Science · Political Theory
John Locke's contribution chiefly lies in his: Select the correct answer from the codes given below:
- 1. Consent theory.
- 2. Limited government.
- 3. Theory of the state as a corporate body.
- 4. Organic conception of the state.
A1 and 4
B1 and 3
C2 and 3
D1 and 2 ✓ Correct
Correct answer: (D) 1 and 2 — Locke's contribution lies in his consent theory and limited government, so the answer is 1 and 2.
Explanation
★Locke's contribution lies in his consent theory and limited government, so the answer is 1 and 2.
★For Locke, legitimate government rests on the consent of the governed, given through a social contract.
★Men leave the state of nature and agree to a government only to better secure their natural rights.
★Because the trust is conditional, the state must be a limited government, bound by law and the rights of citizens.
★If rulers break this trust, authority returns to the people, who may resist and reconstitute government.
★The corporate-body and organic conceptions of the state belong to idealists like Hegel, not to Locke.
★Thus consent and limitation, not organic unity, are the twin pillars of Locke's liberal contribution.
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