Match List I (Biotic Interactions) with List II (Effect on Species). Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

List I

i.Amensalism

ii.Mutualism

iii.Commensalism

iv.Parasitism

List II

a.One species is benefitted, other is unaffected

b.One species is benefitted, other is harmed

c.One species is harmed, other is unaffected

d.Both are benefitted

Ai-c, ii-a, iii-b, iv-d

Bi-a, ii-d, iii-c, iv-b

Ci-c, ii-d, iii-a, iv-b ✓ Correct

Di-a, ii-b, iii-c, iv-d

Correct answer: (C) i-c, ii-d, iii-a, iv-b

Explanation

These biotic interactions are told apart by how each partner species is affected.

In amensalism one species is harmed while the other is unaffected.

In mutualism both interacting species are benefitted.

In commensalism one species is benefitted while the other is unaffected.

In parasitism one species is benefitted while the other is harmed.

A lichen, where the alga and fungus both gain, is a classic example of mutualism.

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