Political Science · Indian Political Thought
UGC NET January 2025 Political Science
Match List I (Ideology) with List II (Proponent) and choose the correct answer from the options given below.
List I
- Pluralism
- Utilitarianism
- Integral Humanism
- Positivism
List II
- Deen Dayal Upadhyay
- Auguste Comte
- Jeremy Bentham
- James Madison
AI-a, II-b, III-c, IV-d
BI-c, II-d, III-b, IV-a
CI-d, II-c, III-a, IV-b ✓ Correct
DI-b, II-a, III-c, IV-d
Correct answer: (C) I-d, II-c, III-a, IV-b — The correct match is I-d, II-c, III-a, IV-b.
Explanation
★The correct match is I-d, II-c, III-a, IV-b.
★Pluralism is most prominently associated with James Madison, who argued for balancing competing interests in a democracy in the Federalist Papers (1788).
★Utilitarianism is identified with Jeremy Bentham, regarded as the founder of the utilitarian movement and the principle of the greatest happiness.
★Integral Humanism is the doctrine of Deen Dayal Upadhyay, centred on human-centric development integrating cultural and spiritual values.
★Positivism is the system of Auguste Comte, the 'father of sociology', who urged applying scientific method to social and political questions.
★Madison's pluralism treats a multiplicity of factions as a safeguard against tyranny of any single interest.
★Bentham's utilitarianism measures right action by its tendency to maximise aggregate happiness.
★Upadhyay grounded his Integral Humanism in the Advaita, or non-dualist, tradition associated with Adi Shankara.
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