Political Science · Western Political Thought
UGC NET December 2015 Political Science
Match List I with List II and select the correct answer from the codes given below.
List I
- I. Modern Political Thinker
- II. Positivist School
- III. Normative Political Theory
- IV. Scientific/Inductive Method
List II
- a. Plato
- b. Machiavelli
- c. Auguste Comte
- d. Aristotle
AI-b, II-c, III-a, IV-d ✓ Correct
BI-b, II-d, III-a, IV-c
CI-a, II-b, III-d, IV-c
DI-d, II-a, III-c, IV-b
Correct answer: (A) I-b, II-c, III-a, IV-d — Correct matching: the modern political thinker is Machiavelli, the positivist school is Auguste Comte, normative theory is Plato, and the scientific method is Aristotle, so the answer is I-b, II-c,…
Explanation
★Correct matching: the modern political thinker is Machiavelli, the positivist school is Auguste Comte, normative theory is Plato, and the scientific method is Aristotle, so the answer is I-b, II-c, III-a, IV-d.
★Machiavelli is called the father of modern political thought for separating politics from ethics and religion in The Prince.
★Auguste Comte founded positivism and coined the term sociology, insisting on the scientific study of society.
★Plato is the founder of normative or idealist political theory, concerned with what the state ought to be.
★Aristotle pioneered the empirical and inductive method through his comparison of 158 constitutions.
★The standard contrast is normative Plato against empirical Aristotle, with Machiavelli opening modern realism and Comte founding positive science.
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