Political Science · Western Political Thought
UGC NET July 2018 Political Science
Match the List I (Sources) with List II (Major Ideas) which influenced Gandhi and select the correct answer from the codes given below.
List I
- I. Jainism
- II. Vaishnavism
- III. Ruskin and Tolstoy
- IV. Plato
List II
- a. Catholicity of outlook
- b. Contempt for industrial civilization and ideas on passive resistance
- c. Idealism and concern for moral values
- d. Emphasis on non-violence
AI-a, II-c, III-b, IV-d
BI-d, II-a, III-b, IV-c ✓ Correct
CI-b, II-c, III-d, IV-a
DI-c, II-b, III-d, IV-a
Correct answer: (B) I-d, II-a, III-b, IV-c — Correct matching: Jainism with non-violence, Vaishnavism with catholicity of outlook, Ruskin and Tolstoy with the critique of industrial civilisation, and Plato with idealism and moral values, so the answer is…
Explanation
★Correct matching: Jainism with non-violence, Vaishnavism with catholicity of outlook, Ruskin and Tolstoy with the critique of industrial civilisation, and Plato with idealism and moral values, so the answer is I-d, II-a, III-b, IV-c.
★Jainism gave Gandhi the ethical core of ahimsa, non-violence toward every living being.
★His Vaishnava upbringing in Gujarat gave him a broad, tolerant, devotional outlook open to all faiths.
★Ruskin's Unto This Last converted Gandhi to the dignity of manual labour and the simple life, inspiring his Phoenix and Tolstoy settlements.
★Tolstoy's The Kingdom of God Is Within You deepened his commitment to non-resistance and the renunciation of state violence.
★Plato's Apology, which Gandhi rendered in Gujarati as the Story of a Soldier of Truth, reinforced his idealism and moral conscience.
★Gandhi's other acknowledged influences are the Gita, the Sermon on the Mount, Thoreau's idea of civil disobedience, and his mentor Raychandbhai.
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