Paper 1 · Logical Reasoning
Nyaya employs a five-membered inference. Match each step in List I with its name in List II.
List I
- There is fire on the hill
- Because there is smoke on the hill
- Wherever there is smoke there is fire, as in a kitchen hearth and unlike a lake
- This hill is likewise smoky
- Thus, there is fire on the hill
List II
- Pratijna
- Hetu
- Udaharana
- Upanaya
- Nigamana
AI-a, II-b, III-c, IV-e, V-d
BI-b, II-a, III-c, IV-d, V-e
CI-a, II-b, III-c, IV-d, V-e ✓ Correct
DI-a, II-c, III-b, IV-d, V-e
Correct answer: (C) I-a, II-b, III-c, IV-d, V-e — The correct match is I-a, II-b, III-c, IV-d, V-e, so that is the answer.
Explanation
★The correct match is I-a, II-b, III-c, IV-d, V-e, so that is the answer.
★'There is fire on the hill' is the pratijna, the proposition to be proved.
★'Because there is smoke' is the hetu, the reason.
★The universal rule with the kitchen example is the udaharana.
★'This hill is smoky' is the upanaya, and 'thus there is fire' is the nigamana.
★So the answer is I-a, II-b, III-c, IV-d, V-e.
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