Political Science · Political Institutions in India
UGC NET Nov 2017 Political Science
Put the following events in their chronological order and select the correct answer from the codes given below.
- 1. Poona Pact
- 2. Third Round Table Conference
- 3. Swaraj Party
- 4. Communal Award
- 5. Nehru Report
A3, 1, 2, 5, 4
B3, 5, 4, 1, 2 ✓ Correct
C1, 3, 4, 5, 2
D5, 2, 3, 1, 4
Correct answer: (B) 3, 5, 4, 1, 2 — The correct chronological order is Swaraj Party in 1923, Nehru Report in 1928, Communal Award in 1932, Poona Pact in 1932, and the Third Round Table Conference in 1932, which…
Explanation
★The correct chronological order is Swaraj Party in 1923, Nehru Report in 1928, Communal Award in 1932, Poona Pact in 1932, and the Third Round Table Conference in 1932, which is option (2).
★The Swaraj Party was founded in 1923 by Motilal Nehru and Chittaranjan Das as the Congress Khilafat Swaraj Party.
★It was formed by leaders who wanted to enter the legislative councils and obstruct from within after the suspension of Non Cooperation, and it won 38 seats in the 1923 elections.
★The Nehru Report came next, in 1928, drafted by a committee under Motilal Nehru.
★It proposed Dominion Status and a federal constitution for India, and was the first Indian authored constitutional blueprint.
★The Communal Award was announced in August 1932 by the British Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald.
★It extended separate electorates to the depressed classes, the Scheduled Castes, in addition to those already given to Muslims, Sikhs and others.
★The Award was announced after the failure of the Second Round Table Conference and was strongly criticised by Mahatma Gandhi.
★The Poona Pact followed in September 1932, signed between Dr B.R. Ambedkar and leaders acting on Gandhi's behalf.
★It replaced separate electorates for the depressed classes with reserved seats within the general electorate, and ended Gandhi's fast unto death in Yerwada jail.
★The Third Round Table Conference was held in November 1932 to consider the reports of various sub committees.
★It was attended by the Muslim League but boycotted by the Congress, with only about 46 delegates present, and its work fed into the Government of India Act 1935.
★The key to the ordering is the year 1932 itself: the Communal Award in August came before the Poona Pact in September, which came before the Third Round Table Conference in November.
★A common slip is to place the Poona Pact before the Communal Award, but the Pact was a response to the Award, so it must come after it.
★For NET, fix the run: Swaraj Party 1923, Nehru Report 1928, then within 1932 the Communal Award, the Poona Pact, and the Third Round Table Conference, leading to the Government of India Act 1935.
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