Paper 1 · Research Aptitude
Responding to a substance like a sugar pill as if it were a drug is called
AThe placebo effect ✓ Correct
BAn extraneous factor
CVariability
DThe regression effect
Correct answer: (A) The placebo effect — Responding to a sugar pill as if it were a drug is the placebo effect, so that is the answer.
Explanation
★Responding to a sugar pill as if it were a drug is the placebo effect, so that is the answer.
★A placebo is an inactive substance given in place of a real treatment.
★When a person improves simply because he believes he is being treated, it is the placebo effect.
★An extraneous factor is an unwanted outside variable, not this belief-driven response.
★Variability is the general spread of scores, not this specific effect.
★The regression effect concerns extreme scores moving towards the mean, so responding to a placebo is the placebo effect.
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