Paper 1 · Research Aptitude
The approach based on the assumption that social phenomena can be explained by observing cause and effect is
APositivism ✓ Correct
BInterpretivism
CQualitative approach
DNone of the above
Correct answer: (A) Positivism — Explaining social phenomena by observing cause and effect is positivism, so that is the answer.
Explanation
★Explaining social phenomena by observing cause and effect is positivism, so that is the answer.
★Positivism applies the methods of natural science to the study of society.
★So it explains social events by finding regular cause-and-effect relations through observation.
★Interpretivism, by contrast, seeks the meanings people give to their actions, not fixed causal laws.
★The qualitative approach explores depth and meaning rather than measured cause and effect.
★Since the cause-and-effect, observational stance is positivist, the answer is positivism.
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