To test a null hypothesis about the association between two categorical variables, a researcher uses

To test a null hypothesis about association between two categorical variables a researcher uses the chi-square test.

The t-test compares means of a continuous variable between two groups.

ANOVA compares means across three or more groups on a continuous measure.

Factorial analysis, or factor analysis, reduces many variables to underlying factors.

The chi-square test compares observed and expected frequencies in a contingency table.

It is a non-parametric test suited to nominal, categorical data.