Bureaucracy in India offers a most structural foundation for modernization of the society and growth of a consensual normative order. It, no doubt, suffers from internal cultural tensions; these tensions arise from role conflict in inter-structural participation of the bureaucrats; his familistic, caste and kin-oriented particularism might come into clash with the ideology of universalism in his bureaucratic roles; his personal loyalties might cut across the legal anonymity and abstractness of his office.

But these dangers have been over-rated and over-emphasized, on the false belief that these exclusively arise out of the less developed and traditional nature of the Indian society; when we look deeper into it, many dysfunctions seem to be related with the phenomena of power and the relative deprivations of groups and classes. In this form such dysfunctions of bureaucracy may be comparable to those existing in the Western societies.

It also emerges from the false assumption that functionally equivalent processes or results must everywhere follow structurally similar growth. This happens to be a popular fallacy in most of the thinking that goes on about modernization of the traditional societies.