Which of the following are differences between Modified Mercalli Scale (MMS) and Richter Scale (RS)?

1.RS measures the energy released while MMS measures both energy and devastation

2.RS uses linear scale while MMS uses logarithmic scale

3.Value of RS is constant in an earthquake while MMS varies depending upon distance

4.Levels in RS is more than MMS

A1 & 2 only

B2 & 3 only

C3 & 4 only

D1 & 3 only ✓ Correct

Correct answer: (D) 1 & 3 only

Explanation

The valid differences are that the Richter scale measures released energy while Mercalli captures felt devastation, and the Richter value is fixed while Mercalli intensity changes with distance.

Statement 1 is true, as the Richter scale gives energy or magnitude while Mercalli reflects damage and impact.

Statement 2 is false, since the Richter scale is logarithmic, not linear.

Statement 3 is true, because one quake has a single Richter magnitude but varying Mercalli intensity by location.

Statement 4 is false, as the Mercalli scale has twelve set levels while the Richter scale is not counted that way.

Distance from the epicentre lowers the felt Mercalli intensity even for the same magnitude quake.

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