Which of the following are ethical problems in research?

1.Plagiarism

2.Coercion

3.Breach of confidentiality

4.Beneficence

5.Fidelity

A1, 2 & 3 only ✓ Correct

B2, 3 & 4 only

C3, 4 & 5 only

D1, 4 & 5 only

Correct answer: (A) 1, 2 & 3 only

Explanation

Plagiarism, coercion, and breach of confidentiality are ethical problems in research.

Plagiarism is presenting others' work or ideas as one's own without credit.

Coercion is pressuring people to participate, violating voluntary informed consent.

Breach of confidentiality wrongly exposes the private data of participants.

Beneficence is an ethical principle of doing good, not a problem or violation.

Fidelity, meaning trustworthiness toward participants, is likewise a virtue rather than an ethical problem.

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