Which of the following aspects are true in the context of research in sciences, social sciences and humanities?

1.Research needs a supervisor, a topic, critical analysis and patience

2.The triangulation method of research is essential in both quantitative and qualitative research

3.Random sampling is important and practical in the social sciences only

4.Manipulation is a necessary tool only in experimental research, which makes it different from descriptive research

A1, 2 and 3

B2 and 4

C2, 3 and 4

D1 and 4 ✓ Correct

Correct answer: (D) 1 and 4

Explanation

Research needs a supervisor, a topic, critical analysis, and patience, so statement 1 is true.

Manipulation is a necessary tool only in experimental research, which separates it from descriptive work, so statement 4 is true.

Triangulation is a valuable strategy but is not strictly essential to every quantitative and qualitative study, so statement 2 fails.

Random sampling is important across the natural sciences too, not the social sciences only, so statement 3 fails.

Triangulation combines multiple methods, sources, or investigators to strengthen validity.

Manipulation means the deliberate control of an independent variable by the researcher.

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