Which of the following came as alternatives to chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) as refrigerants? Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

1.Hydrofluorocarbons

2.Perfluorocarbons

3.Hydrochlorofluorocarbons

4.Halons

A1, 2, 3 only

B2, 3, 4 only

C2, 4 only

D1, 3 only ✓ Correct

Correct answer: (D) 1, 3 only

Explanation

Hydrofluorocarbons and hydrochlorofluorocarbons came in as refrigerant substitutes for CFCs.

Statement 1, hydrofluorocarbons, replaced CFCs and carry no ozone depleting chlorine.

Statement 3, hydrochlorofluorocarbons, served as transitional refrigerants with lower ozone harm.

Statement 2, perfluorocarbons, are used in industry and electronics, not as everyday CFC refrigerant replacements.

Statement 4, halons, are fire-suppression agents, not refrigerants that replaced CFCs.

HFCs spare the ozone layer but are potent greenhouse gases now curbed by the Kigali Amendment.

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