Political Science · Western Political Thought
UGC NET October 2022 Political Science
Which of the following is incorrect regarding Locke's political philosophy?
AThe state of nature was one of peace and mutual assistance.
BThe right to property is prior to the society.
CThe first essay of the Two Treatises of Government was devoted to the refutation of Filmer.
DThe final source of state is the right to self-defence of human beings. ✓ Correct
Correct answer: (D) The final source of state is the right to self-defence of human beings. — The incorrect statement is that the final source of the state is the right of self-defence, so the answer is option four.
Explanation
★The incorrect statement is that the final source of the state is the right of self-defence, so the answer is option four.
★For Locke the state arises from consent and exists to protect life, liberty, and property, not from a right of self-defence as such.
★The right of self-defence belongs more to Hobbes, whose sovereign answers the fear of violent death.
★Locke's other points are correct: the state of nature is one of peace, goodwill, and mutual assistance under the law of nature.
★The right to property is a natural right prior to and independent of society.
★The First Treatise of the Two Treatises is indeed devoted to refuting Filmer's Patriarcha and the divine right of kings.
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