Political Science · Political Theory
Which of the following is not an idea of Individualism?
ALaissez-faire
BHindrance function of the state
CEnhancement of the contract lawfully made
DTaking care of individual life from cradle to grave ✓ Correct
Correct answer: (D) Taking care of individual life from cradle to grave — The phrase cradle to grave means the state cares for the individual from birth to death, so the answer is the welfare option.
Explanation
★The phrase cradle to grave means the state cares for the individual from birth to death, so the answer is the welfare option.
★Cradle to grave belongs to modern liberalism and the welfare state, not to individualism, which wants the state kept out of personal life.
★Individualism treats the person, not society or the state, as the basic unit of value and decision.
★Laissez-faire, the demand that the state leave the economy alone, follows directly from individualist premises.
★The hindrance function, made famous by J. S. Mill and the negative theory of the state, limits the state to removing obstacles to liberty.
★Free enforcement of contracts lawfully made is part of the individualist legal order that protects voluntary exchange.
★Modern liberalism added welfarism to liberalism, which is why cradle to grave care marks a departure from pure individualism.
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