Political Science · Political Theory
Which of the following is the key contrast that differentiates shallow ecology from deep ecology?
AEnvironmentalism and ecologism ✓ Correct
BScience and humankind
CValue-free nature and ecological consciousness
DAnimal welfare and sustainable growth
Correct answer: (A) Environmentalism and ecologism — The key contrast is between environmentalism and ecologism, so the answer is that pair.
Explanation
★The key contrast is between environmentalism and ecologism, so the answer is that pair.
★Shallow ecology is environmentalism, a reformist and human centred concern for nature.
★It wants to protect the environment because it is useful to human beings.
★Deep ecology is ecologism proper, an ecocentric outlook that values nature in itself.
★Arne Naess coined the deep and shallow distinction in 1973.
★Deep ecology rejects anthropocentrism and affirms the equal worth of all life.
★Thus the divide is between human centred reform and nature centred transformation.
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