Political Science · International Relations
UGC NET December 2015 Political Science
Which of the following is true of modern liberalism? Select the correct answer from the codes given below.
- 1. Freedom of the individual as against the authority of the state.
- 2. Recognise the importance of 'group'.
- 3. Supports the limited role of the state.
- 4. Supports the state regulation to safeguard the weak.
A1 & 3
B2 & 4 ✓ Correct
C1 & 4
D3 & 4
Correct answer: (B) 2 & 4 — Modern liberalism is captured by the statements on the importance of groups and on state regulation to protect the weak, so the answer is 2 and 4.
Explanation
★Modern liberalism is captured by the statements on the importance of groups and on state regulation to protect the weak, so the answer is 2 and 4.
★Modern liberalism recognises the importance of groups and supports state regulation to protect the weak.
★It accepts a positive role for the state in securing welfare, education and fair conditions.
★This rests on positive liberty, the real capacity to act, not merely freedom from interference.
★T.H. Green and the new liberals reshaped liberalism in this direction in the late nineteenth century.
★The statement on individual freedom against state authority belongs to classical, not modern, liberalism.
★The statement on a strictly limited state is also a classical-liberal and laissez-faire idea.
★Modern liberalism thus turns the classical suspicion of the state into a tool for collective good.
★The classical versus modern liberalism contrast is a recurring theme in political theory and International Relations.
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