Which of the following modalities of higher education is an example of evolution in the post-independence period?

Distance education is an example of a modality of higher education that evolved in the post-independence period.

Formal classroom teaching is the traditional mode and not a post-independence innovation.

Technical education existed well before independence in engineering and other institutes.

Legal education too had colonial-era roots and is not this new development.

Distance education widened access for working and remote learners.

IGNOU, established in 1985, is the flagship open university for distance learning.