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Which of the following statement are logically equivalent ?

Paper 1 · Logical Reasoning UGC NET 07th Jan 2026 Shift 1
Which of the following statement are logically equivalent ?
  • 1. No cars are non-vehicles.
  • 2. Some cars are vehicles.
  • 3. All vehicles are cars.
  • 4. All cars are vehicles.
A2 & 3 only
B2 & 4 only
C1 & 4 only ✓ Correct
D1, 3 & 4 only
Answer: C
Explanation
The statement no cars are non vehicles, when its predicate is turned into the positive, becomes all cars are vehicles. That is exactly statement 4. So statements 1 and 4 say the same thing, which is option C.

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