Political Science · Political Institutions in India
UGC NET Aug 2024 Political Science
Which of the following statements are true?
- A. The constitution of India allows the state to intervene in matters of religion in order to ensure equality among religious communities
- B. Constitution prohibits discrimination on the grounds of religion
- C. The Constitution provides to all individuals and communities freedom to profess, practice and propagate any religion or not to follow any
- D. The Constitution of India advocates the titles of military or academic distinction for the citizen of India
- E. Fundamental Rights are non-justiciable rights
AA, B and E only
BB and C only
CA, B and C only ✓ Correct
DA, B, C and D only
Correct answer: (C) A, B and C only — The true statements are that the State may intervene in religion to ensure equality, that the Constitution prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion, and that it grants freedom of religion,…
Explanation
★The true statements are that the State may intervene in religion to ensure equality, that the Constitution prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion, and that it grants freedom of religion, which is option (3), namely A, B and C only.
★Statement A is true, because Indian secularism allows the State to intervene in religious matters to remove practices that violate fundamental rights.
★Such practices include untouchability and various forms of gender discrimination.
★Statement B is true, because Article 15 prohibits discrimination on the grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth.
★Statement C is true, because Article 25 guarantees freedom of conscience and the right to profess, practise and propagate religion, or to follow none.
★This freedom is subject to public order, morality and health.
★Statement D is not true, because the Constitution does not advocate titles of military or academic distinction.
★Article 18 actually abolishes titles, while allowing military and academic distinctions as exceptions.
★So the Constitution permits these distinctions but does not advocate them, making statement D incorrect.
★Statement E is not true, because Fundamental Rights are justiciable, not non justiciable.
★Citizens can approach the courts under Article 32 to enforce their Fundamental Rights.
★So statements D and E are false, and the correct combination is A, B and C.
★The Indian model of secularism is one of principled distance rather than strict separation of religion and state.
★The State can both stay out of religion and step in to reform it when fundamental rights are at stake.
★This balance distinguishes Indian secularism from the wall of separation in some other countries.
★For NET, fix that Indian secularism allows reformist State intervention, prohibits religious discrimination and protects freedom of religion, while titles are abolished and Fundamental Rights are justiciable.
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