Political Science · Political Institutions in India
UGC NET January 2025 Political Science
Which of the following statements regarding the federal features of the Indian Constitution are correct?
- 1. India is a Union of States.
- 2. The Constitution is the supreme organic law of the land.
- 3. The legislative powers are distributed between the centre and the states.
- 4. The residuary powers are reserved to the states.
- 5. All states have equal representation in the Rajya Sabha.
A1, 2 and 4 only
B1, 2 and 3 only ✓ Correct
C2, 3 and 4 only
D3, 4 and 5 only
Correct answer: (B) 1, 2 and 3 only — Statements one, two and three are correct, so the answer is statements one, two and three.
Explanation
★Statements one, two and three are correct, so the answer is statements one, two and three.
★India is described as a Union of States in Article 1, which reflects a strong central government.
★The Constitution is the supreme organic law of the land, and any law inconsistent with it is void.
★The legislative powers are distributed between the centre and the states through the Union, State and Concurrent Lists in the Seventh Schedule.
★Statement four is wrong because the residuary powers are reserved for the Union, not the states.
★Statement five is wrong because representation in the Rajya Sabha varies with the population of each state, not equally.
★For NET, contrast Indian federalism, with residuary powers and unequal Rajya Sabha seats at the centre's side, with the United States model.
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