Political Science · Western Political Thought
Which thinker discussed two types of sovereignty: 'sovereignty by institution' and 'sovereignty by acquisition'?
AJean Bodin
BJohn Austin
CThomas Hobbes ✓ Correct
DHarold Laski
Correct answer: (C) Thomas Hobbes — Thomas Hobbes discussed sovereignty by institution and sovereignty by acquisition.
Explanation
★Thomas Hobbes discussed sovereignty by institution and sovereignty by acquisition.
★Sovereignty by institution arises when people freely agree among themselves to set up a sovereign.
★Sovereignty by acquisition arises when a sovereign gains power by conquest or force.
★In both cases, Hobbes argues, the duty to obey the sovereign is the same.
★Jean Bodin is the earlier theorist who first systematised the concept of sovereignty.
★John Austin later gave the legal theory of sovereignty as the command of the determinate superior.
★But the institution and acquisition distinction is specifically Hobbes' contribution.
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