Paper 1 · Research Aptitude
Which type of research is likely to provide the strongest evidence about the existence of cause-and-effect relationships?
ANon-experimental research
BExperimental research ✓ Correct
CHistorical research
DDescriptive research
Correct answer: (B) Experimental research — Experimental research gives the strongest evidence about cause and effect, so that is the answer.
Explanation
★Experimental research gives the strongest evidence about cause and effect, so that is the answer.
★Only the experiment manipulates the cause and controls other conditions.
★So it can show most convincingly that the treatment truly produces the effect.
★Non-experimental research does not manipulate or control, so it cannot firmly establish cause.
★Historical research studies past records, where conditions cannot be controlled.
★Descriptive research only pictures what exists, so experimental research gives the strongest causal evidence.
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