Political Science · Western Political Thought
UGC NET December 2018 Political Science
Who among the following conceived society as a 'cooperative venture for mutual advantage', more or less self-sufficient and necessarily governed by rules?
ARobert Nozick
BFriedrich Hayek
CJohn Rawls ✓ Correct
DKarl Marx
Correct answer: (C) John Rawls — The thinker who described society in this way is John Rawls, so the answer is John Rawls.
Explanation
★The thinker who described society in this way is John Rawls, so the answer is John Rawls.
★In A Theory of Justice he calls society a cooperative venture for mutual advantage.
★He adds that it is more or less self-sufficient and is governed by rules that its members recognise.
★These shared rules define what each person may expect and what each owes to the others.
★Because cooperation creates benefits, fair principles are needed to divide them.
★Nozick, Hayek and Marx are associated with very different conceptions of society.
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