Political Science · Political Theory
UGC NET December 2018 Political Science
Who among the following described modern democracies as 'Polyarchy'?
ADavid Easton
BRobert Dahl ✓ Correct
CJoseph Schumpeter
DS. Huntington
Correct answer: (B) Robert Dahl — Robert Dahl described modern democracies as polyarchies.
Explanation
★Robert Dahl described modern democracies as polyarchies.
★Polyarchy means rule by the many, and Dahl used it for real world systems that approach, but never fully reach, the democratic ideal.
★He set out the idea in Polyarchy: Participation and Opposition (1971), defining it by broad participation and open public contestation.
★The term lets Dahl separate actually existing democracies from democracy as a perfect standard.
★David Easton is known for the systems approach, Schumpeter for competitive elitism, and Huntington for the waves of democratisation, so none of them coined polyarchy.
★So Robert Dahl is the correct answer.
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