Political Science · Political Theory
Who among the following said that ideology should neither be thought of as liberating nor oppressive, nor as true or false, since it can be any of these things?
AAndrew Heywood ✓ Correct
BJohn Rawls
CAndrew Gamble
DBill Coxall
Correct answer: (A) Andrew Heywood — Andrew Heywood gave this neutral, open view of ideology, so the answer is Andrew Heywood.
Explanation
★Andrew Heywood gave this neutral, open view of ideology, so the answer is Andrew Heywood.
★He argues that ideology has no fixed moral charge and can serve very different ends.
★An ideology may liberate people or oppress them, depending on how and by whom it is used.
★It may also appear true or false relative to a standpoint, so it cannot be fixed as either.
★Heywood thus treats ideology descriptively, as a coherent set of ideas guiding political action.
★This contrasts with Marx, who saw ideology as false consciousness serving the ruling class.
★Rawls, Gamble and Coxall wrote on justice and politics but did not give this particular formulation.
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