Political Science · Indian Political Thought
UGC NET August 2024 Political Science
Passage
Directive Principles are not enforceable by the courts. The sanction behind them is political. As Dr. Ambedkar observed in the Constituent Assembly, 'If any government ignores them, they will certainly have to answer for them before the electorate at the election time'. The DPSP is a part of the Constitution. Article 37 unequivocally enjoins that 'it shall be the duty of the state to apply these principles in making laws'. Hence it should be competent for the Union to issue directions against particular states to introduce compulsory education for children (Article 45), to prevent slaughter of cows (Article 48) and to bring about prohibition of alcoholic drinks (Article 47). In case of refusal to comply with such directions issued by the Union, it may apply Article 365 against such a recalcitrant state. Sir Ivor Jennings characterised the DPSP as 'Pious Aspiration' and also questioned the utility of importing into India of the 19th century an English philosophy of Fabian Socialism without the Socialism. Granville Austin considers these directives to be 'aimed at furthering the goals of the social revolution'. Besides the Directives contained in Part IV, there are certain other Directives addressed to the state in other parts of the Constitution. Article 350A enjoins every state and every local authority within the state to provide adequate facilities for instruction in the mother-tongue at the primary stage of education. Article 351 enjoins the promotion of the spread of the Hindi language. These instructions are not part of the DPSP but carry the same value.
Who proclaimed that the Directive Principles of State Policy are an attempt to import Fabian Socialism without Socialism?
AB.R. Ambedkar
BJ. Nehru
CSir Ivor Jennings ✓ Correct
DMotilal Nehru
Correct answer: (C) Sir Ivor Jennings — Sir Ivor Jennings made this criticism, so he is the answer.
Explanation
★Sir Ivor Jennings made this criticism, so he is the answer.
★The passage records that Jennings characterised the DPSP as a 'Pious Aspiration'.
★He questioned the value of importing a 19th-century English philosophy of Fabian Socialism into India.
★His phrase 'Fabian Socialism without the Socialism' suggested the principles were high-sounding but hollow.
★Jennings was a noted British constitutional scholar whose comments on the Indian Constitution are often cited.
★Ambedkar, by contrast, defended the DPSP as a binding moral and political duty of the state.
★Neither Jawaharlal nor Motilal Nehru is the source of this particular criticism.
★Ivor Jennings was a British constitutional scholar whose critical comments on the Indian Constitution are widely cited.
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