Paper 1 · Research Aptitude
A correlational study determines
AThe impact of one manipulated cause on an effect
BThe impact of the observer on the participant
CA clear cause-and-effect relationship
DThe relationship between two events or variables ✓ Correct
Correct answer: (D) The relationship between two events or variables — A correlational study determines the relationship between two events or variables, so that is the answer.
Explanation
★A correlational study determines the relationship between two events or variables, so that is the answer.
★Correlation measures how two variables move together, without manipulating either.
★So it shows the strength and direction of the relationship between the two, not which causes which.
★It does not manipulate a cause, so it cannot show the impact of a manipulated cause on an effect.
★It does not measure the observer's impact on the participant, a different concern.
★It cannot establish a clear cause-and-effect relationship, so it determines the relationship between two variables.
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