According to David and Johnson, which of the following are the basic elements of cooperative learning groups?

1.Self conceptualisation

2.Individual accountability

3.Skill development

4.Positive interdependence

5.Promotive interaction

A1, 3 & 4 only

B1, 2 & 5 only

C2, 4 & 5 only ✓ Correct

D1, 2, 4 & 5 only

Correct answer: (C) 2, 4 & 5 only

Explanation

David and Johnson list individual accountability (2), positive interdependence (4) and promotive interaction (5) among the basic elements.

Self conceptualisation (1) is not one of their cooperative learning elements.

Skill development (3) is an outcome, not a defining basic element here.

Positive interdependence means members depend on one another to succeed.

Promotive interaction means members actively help and encourage each other.

Their remaining elements are interpersonal, small-group social skills and group processing.

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