According to Herbart, arrange the elements of the pedagogy of teaching and learning in the correct sequence.

1.Preparation

2.Association

3.Presentation

4.Application

5.Generalisation

A2, 1, 3, 4, 5

B3, 1, 5, 2, 4

C1, 3, 2, 5, 4 ✓ Correct

D2, 1, 3, 5, 4

Correct answer: (C) 1, 3, 2, 5, 4

Explanation

Herbart's correct sequence is Preparation, Presentation, Association, Generalisation, Application, giving 1, 3, 2, 5, 4.

Preparation (1) comes first, linking new content to the learner's prior knowledge.

Presentation (3) follows, introducing the new material to the learner.

Association (2) then relates the new ideas to existing ones.

Generalisation (5) draws general rules or principles from the material.

Application (4) comes last, using the learned principles in new situations.

These are called Herbart's five formal steps, later expanded by his followers, the Herbartians.

Want more like this? Create a free account to practise a full test, track your progress, and get spaced-repetition review.