Paper 1 · Logical Reasoning
UGC NET June 2024 Re-Exam (28.08.2024) Shift-II
From the following, identify the statements that are logically equivalent. Choose the correct answer from the options given below.
- 1. No squares are circles.
- 2. Some squares are not circles.
- 3. Some non-circles are not non-squares.
- 4. No circles are squares.
- 5. All squares are circles.
A2, 4 only
B2, 3 only ✓ Correct
C1, 2, 3 only
D1, 3, 4 only
Correct answer: (B) 2, 3 only — Statements 2 and 3 are logically equivalent, so that is the answer.
Explanation
★Statements 2 and 3 are logically equivalent, so that is the answer.
★'Some squares are not circles' is a particular negative proposition.
★'Some non-circles are not non-squares' reduces to the same particular negative by obversion and conversion.
★So these two carry identical logical content.
★The universal negatives 1 and 4 are equivalent to each other, not to 2.
★Hence 2 and 3 only is correct.
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