From the following, identify the statements that are logically equivalent. Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

1.No squares are circles.

2.Some squares are not circles.

3.Some non-circles are not non-squares.

4.No circles are squares.

5.All squares are circles.

A2, 4 only

B2, 3 only ✓ Correct

C1, 2, 3 only

D1, 3, 4 only

Correct answer: (B) 2, 3 only

Explanation

Statements 2 and 3 are equivalent through valid immediate inference.

Statement 2 is 'Some squares are not circles', an O proposition.

Statement 3 is 'Some non-circles are not non-squares'.

Full contraposition of an O proposition yields exactly that form.

Contraposition preserves the truth value on the O form, so the two coincide.

The equivalence rests on the valid contraposition of the particular negative.

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