Paper 1 · Higher Education
UGC NET December 2023 (08.12.2023) Shift-I
Given below are two statements. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
- Statement I: India spends one of the lowest amounts per student for higher education in the world.
- Statement II: The percentage expenditure on university and higher education in India was 0.77 percent in 1990-91 and it declined to 0.66 percent in 2004-05.
ABoth Statement I and Statement II are correct ✓ Correct
BBoth Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
CStatement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
DStatement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
Correct answer: (A) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct — Both statements are correct, so the answer is both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
Explanation
★Both statements are correct, so the answer is both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
★India spends among the lowest amounts per student on higher education globally.
★This became sharper after liberalization from 1990-91, so Statement I is correct.
★The share of expenditure on universities and higher education was 0.77 percent in 1990-91.
★It declined in the years that followed into the mid 2000s.
★So Statement II also correctly reports this decline, making both correct.
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