Given below are two statements. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.

Statement I:For Indian thinkers, inference means only a syllogistic inference based on invariable concomitance between the middle and major terms.

Statement II:There should be an absence of the middle term wherever there is an absence of the major term.

ABoth Statement I and Statement II are true ✓ Correct

BBoth Statement I and Statement II are false

CStatement I is true but Statement II is false

DStatement I is false but Statement II is true

Correct answer: (A) Both Statement I and Statement II are true

Explanation

Both statements correctly describe inference in classical Indian logic.

For the Naiyayikas, inference (anumana) rests on vyapti, the invariable concomitance between the middle term (hetu) and the major term (sadhya).

Wherever the middle term is present, the major term is present as well.

The negative side of this same relation says wherever the major term is absent, the middle term is absent too.

Statement 2 records this negative concomitance (vyatireka), matching the affirmative rule of Statement 1.

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