Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R). In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.
Assertion (A):The Kyoto Protocol exempted countries such as India and China from rolling back their greenhouse gas emissions by about 5 percent below 1990 levels by 2012.
Reason (R):The exemption was given to India and China because their contribution to the total greenhouse gas emissions of the world was insignificant in 1997.
ABoth A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
BBoth A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A
CA is correct but R is not correct ✓ Correct
DA is not correct but R is correct
Correct answer: (C) A is correct but R is not correct
Explanation
The assertion is correct, as the Kyoto Protocol placed no binding cut targets on India and China.
The reason is not correct, because the exemption rested on differentiated responsibility, not on insignificant emissions.
The protocol bound only developed nations to cut emissions below 1990 levels by 2012.
Developing countries were spared because of low historical and per capita emissions.
India and China were already large emitters in 1997, so calling their share insignificant is wrong.
This principle of common but differentiated responsibilities underlies the whole climate regime.
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